Everything about The Cantabri totally explained
The
Cantabri were an ancient confederacy of eleven tribes, either
Celtic or
pre-Indo European, that inhabited the north coast of
Hispania in the whole modern province of
Cantabria, the eastern third of
Asturias and the nearby mountainous regions of modern
Castile-Leon.
According to Strabo the Cantabrians were either formerly called
Lusitanians or as according to
Julius Caesar, they were a tribe of native origin.
Regarded as savage and untamable mountaineers, they long defied the Roman arms and made a name for themselves for their independent spirit and freedom. They were first attacked by the
Romans about 150 BC. In his
Gallic War Julius Caesar describes how
Crassus scored a victory over combined forces of Cantabri and
Aquitanians, who are described as
relatives, casting some doubt on the alleged Celticity of this nation. The tribe name
Cantabri is a word of
Ligurian origin meaning
Highlanders, so the tribe may have had a different name prior to the arrival of the
Romans.
They were not subdued until
Agrippa and
Augustus— present in person on this campaign— had carried out a series of campaigns known as the
Cantabrian Wars (29-19 BC), which ended in their partial annihilation.
Thenceforward their land was part of the province of
Hispania Tarraconensis, with some measure of local self-government. The remaining population of the region became slowly Romanized in their
material culture, but developed little town life and are rarely mentioned in history. They provided recruits for the Roman
auxilia, like their neighbors to the west, the
Astures.
Cantabria contained lead mines, of which, however, little is known.
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